Word building (continued)

Практическое занятие №6

Word building.

Polysemy (final lesson)

Практическое занятие № 5.

Plan.

1. Transference (term, explanation,examples).

2. Types of transference.

3. Widening and narrowing of meaning.

4. Degradation and elevation of meaning.

1) а)Translate the following words from Russian into English:

Эволюционировать, сходство, смежность, ухудшение значения, подъем (улучшение) значения, сужение значения, расширение значения, однозначнность,

 

b)Translate the following words from English into Russian :

outwards resemblance, concrete object, abstract object, figurative meaning, cause and effect, reversed situation, to collide, common function.

 

2) explainthe causes of development of new meanings in English (use the schemes and examples from the textbook);

 

3) enumeratethe types of transference, give your examples of each type;

4) explain the terms “widening”, “narrowing“ of meaning; give your own examples of these linguistic processes;

 

5) with the help of examples, given in the textbook describethe processes of so-called “degradation” and “ elevation of meaning; give your own examples.

 

6) practical work: 1) find the examples of metaphor, metonymy, generalization and other examples of changing word’s meaning in ex.2 p.160 of the texbook;

2) in pairs discuss and give your comments about linguistic processes presented in ex.4 p.162 (every pair of students discusses and explains furthermore only one pair of word combinations;

 

7) listento the following jokes and try to trace the logical associations between the different meanings of the same words (ex. 6 p.163).

New topic: Word building.

 

1) readaloud and translate (in turn) p.78-79 of the textbook;

2) findin the text (p.78-79) the answers :

a) What are the main ways of enriching the English vocabulary?

b) What are the principal productive ways of word-building in English?

c) What do we mean by derivation?

 

3) listento the following text and try to find out the examples of derivation(ex 2, №8 p.97 of the textbook).

 

Home work:1).Read and learn p.78-94 of the textbook.

2) Answer the questions 4-10 p.94

3) ex.2 p.95 of the textbook (fulfill it according to the task).

4) Read p.104-112 (new material).

 

 

Plan.

1. Frequency and productivity of suffixes.

2. Borrowed affixes.

3. Conversion as a productive way of word building.

4. Categories of parts of speech influenced by conversion.

5. Composition .

 

1) translatethe following words from Russian into English:

Авторское слово (букв. слово для случая), морфема, аффикс, продуктивность, заимствованный префикс, родной суффикс, корень, неделимый компонент, выведенный из значения, составляющие части, гибкая структура, однородные по структуре, наложение.

2) Control work(in writing) : 1) enumerateall productive and non-productive affixes (with examples); 2) write downnative English affixes : 1^st variant – noun-forming and verb-forming suffixes; 2^nd variant – adjective-forming and adverb forming suffixes.

3) answerthe question: Why should we distinguish frequency and productivity of affixes?

 

4) demonstratewith numerous examples which languages served as the main sources of borrowed affixes.

 

5) provethat conversion is a highly productive way of word-building in Modern English; give as many examples as possible.

 

6) enumerate(with examples) categories of parts of speech especially affected by conversion.

 

7) practical work :fulfill ex.8 p.100 ( explain the difference between the meanings of the following words produced from the same root by means of different affixes).

 

8) answer the question: What are the three aspects of composition ?

 

9) describe three types of compounds distinguished from the structural point of view.

 

Home work :1) Read and learn p.104-120 of the textbook.

2) Answer the questions 5-8 p.120 of the textbook.