Lexical approach

It is a way of teaching language that focuses on lexical items or chunks such as words, multiword units, collocations and fixed expressions rather than grammatical structures. The Lexical Approach develops many of the fundamental principles advanced by proponents of the Communicative Approach. The most important difference is the increased understanding of the nature of lexis in naturally occurring language, and its potential contribution to language pedagogy.

 

Lexical item

An item of vocabulary which has a single element of meaning. It may be a compound or phrase: bookcase, post office, put up with. Some single words may initiate several lexical items; e.g. letter: a letter of the alphabet / posting a letter.

 

Lexical set

A group or family of words related to one another by some semantic principle: e.g. lamb, pork, chicken, beef are all different types of meat and form a lexical set.

 

Lexis(also vocabulary)

Individual words or sets of words, e.g. homework, study, whiteboard, get dressed, be on time.

 

Linguistic competence

A broad term used to describe the totality of a given individual’s language ability; the underlying language system believed to exist as inferred from an individual's language performance.

 

Linguistic

Connected with language or the study of language.

 

Listen and do/make/draw

A classroom activity where learners listen to the teacher or to another learners and while they are listening they perform an action (listen and do), make something (listen and make) or draw something (listen and draw). These activities are usually used as comprehension tasks. See action rhymeand picture dictation.

 

Look-and-say method

A method for teaching children to read, especially in L1, which is similar to the whole-wordmethodexcept that words are always taught in association with a picture or object and thepronunciation of the word is always required.

 

Lower primary forms/classes

Elementary classes 1-4 in the Ukrainian educational system.

 

Lower secondary education

Lower secondary education generally continues the basic programmes of primary, although teaching is typically more subject-focused, often employing more specialised teachers to conduct classes.

 

 

M

Matching task

A task-type in which learners are asked to pair related things together, e.g. match two halves of a sentence, or a word with a picture.