Guess the meaning of the words.

Part I

Unit 1

Water

 

Introduction

Notes:

to bond – связывать aquifer – водоносный слой

state – состояние solvent – растворитель

vapour – пар to facilitate - способствовать

glacier – ледник

 

Water is the chemical substance with chemical formula H2O: one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom.

Water appears in nature in all three common states of matter and may take many different forms on Earth: water vapor and clouds in the sky; seawater in the oceans; icebergs in the polar oceans; glaciers and rivers in the mountains; and the liquid in aquifers in the ground.

Water covers 70.9% of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known forms of life.

Water plays an important role in the world economy, as it functions as a solvent for a wide variety of chemical substances and facilitates industrial cooling and transportation. Approximately 70% of the fresh water used by humans goes to agriculture.

 

Vocabulary

 

1) resource ресурс

2) ice лёд

3) hail град

4) fog туман

5) vapor пар

6) cloud облако

7) happen случаться, происходить

8) sea море

9) contain содержать (в себе), вмещать

10) still тем не менее, всё ещё

11) salt соль

12) move двигать(ся), передвигать(ся)

13) leave оставлять, покидать

14) behind сзади, позади

15) lake озеро

16) rise (rose, risen) подниматься; подъём

17) cool охлаждать(ся), холодный

18) fall (fell, fallen) падать, понижаться

19) store запасать, накапливать

20) source источник

21) precipitate выпадать (об осадках)

22) distribute распределять

23) surface поверхность

24) inch дюйм (= 2,54 см)

25) quantity количество

26) provide снабжать, обеспечивать

27) accelerate ускорять(ся)

28) rapid быстрый

29) measure мера; измерять

30) available доступный; пригодный

31) waste бесполезная трата; отходы, отбросы

32) improve улучшать(ся)

33) efficient эффективный

 

Exercises

 

Guess the meaning of the words.

 

natural, form, atmosphere, ocean, cycle, mile, cubic, condensation, globe, planet, material, industry, irrigation, container, reservoir, climate, topography, region, kilometer, problem

 

2. Translate the following word combinations:

 

resource, natural resources, water resources; ice, thin ice, thick ice, icy wind; fog, thick fog, a foggy day; vapor, water vapor; sea, sea water, sea plants; salt, harmful salts, salty water; to contain, to contain harmful salts, to contain information; to move, to move to the ocean, the movement of water; to evaporate, to evaporate water, evaporation from the land surface; to leave, to leave home, to leave salts behind; to rise, to rise into the air, to rise early; to fall, to fall to the land, to fall down; to cool, to cool in the air; to store, to store water, water stored in the atmosphere; source, a source of water, a source of information; to precipitate, precipitated vapor, the amount of precipitated vapor; quantity, a great quantity of water; waste, waste of water