Syntax. Essential features of a sentence. Classifications of sentences

Syntax is a part of theoretical grammar dealing with the theory of sentence. Sentence is a unit of speech built up of words according to a particular syntactic pattern and having a contextually relevant communicative purpose. Actual division of sentences: theme and rheme. Theme is an object, phenomenon, abstract notion described in the sentence. Rheme is the information about the theme.

Communicative types of sentences:

1) Declarative – give some information , can be affirmative and negative.

2) Inducive – giving orders or requests.

3) Interrogative – questions.

Structural division of the sentence:

1) Simple – 1 predicative structure;

2) Complex – 2+ predicative structures:

a) Compound – several simple sentences not depending on each other;

b) Composite – several sentences, where 1+ part depends on another. Main part – main clause, dependent part – subordinate clause. Sentences can be connected with coordinative or consecutive connection.

Classification of sentences according to optional part:

1) Extended;

2) Non-extended (only subject and predicate).

 

Функциональная стилистика

 

1. Stylistics & its subdivisions

2. Expressive means & stylistic devices

3. Functional styles & its main types

4. Level system of the language

5. Main subdivisions of stylistic means, give definitions to each of them & explain the difference between them

6. Zones of frequency

7. Decoding Stylistics & process of decoding

8. Changes in semantic structure

9. Different kinds of verses

10. The problems of the norm & deviations from the norm

11. Describe syntactical expressive means: paragraph & supra-phrasal units

12. Stylistic function

13. Stanza & its types

14. Stylistic context

15. Foregrounding & its types

16. Language of poetry & its peculiarities of verse

17. The word & the image

18. Morphological stylistic devices

19. Phonetic stylistic means

20. Literal & Transferred meanings

21. The Substantivation as a factor of style

22. Graphic stylistic means

 

Литература страны изучаемого языка