What pathologic process(es) developed in the patient after the surgery? Substantiate your answer.

2. What are the possible causes and mechanisms of development of each of the pathologic processes:

a) before the surgery?

b) in the course of the surgery and immediately after its completion?

c) by the 3-d day after the surgery?

What adaptive processes could be activated in the patient as a result of hypoxia? Why were the adaptive processes ineffective in this case?

Case 7

A 60-year-old patient C. had an extensive transmural infarction in the anterior wall of the left ventricle 2 weeks before. During his stay in hospital he woke up at night with choking sensation and called for help. When a nurse came she helped the patient to sit up on the bed with his feet down on the floor. Then she opened the window. The patient felt a little better. However, 10 min later he began complaining of shortness of breath, the need coughing regularly (without secretions), and audible rales in the chest. The nurse gave the patient supplemental oxygen by face mask, and called a physician.

Questions:

What types of hypoxia did the patient suffer from? Substantiate your answer.

In what succession did these types of hypoxia develop in the patient?

3. How and why did the parameters of P_aO₂, P_aCO₂, P_vO₂, P_vCO₂, S_aCO₂, S_vO₂, pH change in the patient's blood? Substantiate your answer.

What are the possible mechanisms of immediate adaptation to hypoxia in the given patient?