PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

I PRESENT PERFECT IS FORMED:

POSITIVE

I / We / You/Theyhave worked / gone. Не / She / It has worked / gone.

NEGATIVE

I / We / You / They have not (haven’t) worked / gone. Не / She / It has not (hasn't) worked / gone.

INTERROGATIVE

Have I / we / you / they worked / gone? Has he / she / it worked / gone.?

II PRESENT PERFECT IS USED:

1. to denote a completed action connected with the present. In other words, when we use the Present Perfect there is always a connection with now – the action in the past has a result now:

· I am a little frightened for I have lost my way. (I don’t know where I am now)

· He told me his name but I have forgotten it. (I can’t remember it now.)

· I can’t find my bag. Have you seen it? (=Do you know where it is now?)

· “Is Sally here? – No, she has gone out.”(She is out now.)

2. when we talk about a period of time that continues from past until now, i. e. the period of time that is not finished yet:

· Have you ever eaten caviar? (in your life)

· We have never had a car. (in our life – see above)

· Susan really loves that film. She has seen it eight times!

III THE PRESENT PERFECT IS USED WITH:

· just, already, yet, never, ever;

· today, this morning, this evening, etc;

· since;

· recently, in the last few days, so far, for;

· in the sentences like “It’s the first time something has happened”.