EXERCISE 6.
a) Translate the following definitions of the words:
1. Science is the study of knowledge which can be made into a system, and which usually depends on seeing and testing facts and stating general natural laws.
2. Technology is a branch of knowledge dealing with scientific and industrial methods and their practical use in industry.
3. Research is a serious and detailed study of a subject, that is aimed at learning new facts, scientific laws, testing ideas, etc.
4. A shelter is a building or something of the kind that gives protection.
5. A typewriter is a machine that prints letters.
b) The following words also appear in the texts and dialogues; match each one with its correct definition:
to prove, to process, to unify, to explain, to appear
1) to combine parts of something to form a single whole;
2) to make clear or easy to understand, usually by speaking or writing;
3) to become able to be seen, to come into sight;
4) to show to be true by means of facts, documents, information, etc.;
5) to put (information, numbers, etc.) into a computer for examination.
EXERCISE 7. Read and translate the sentences; memorize the use of the Complex Object:
1. We consider education to be the ways in which people learn skills, gain knowledge and understanding about the world and about themselves.
2. Teachers expect learners to come to school regularly and on time.
3. Teachers suppose learners to work at about the same speed as their classmates.
4. Teachers wish learners to pass exams successfully.
5. Teachers want them to take up their education after leaving school.
6. He wants the material about the educational system to be memorized.
7. The parents made him enter this university.
8. They expected us to support him.
9. We know him to have entered the university.
10. I heard Mr. Brown congratulate Jane on her birthday.
EXERCISE 8. Transform the sentences according to the models to practise the use of the Complex Object:
a) Model: Has Mary filled in the form? (to see) → Yes, I saw her fill in the form.
1. Has Mr. Brown congratulated Jane on her birthday? (to hear)
2. Did Peter come in? (watch)
3. Did John apologize to her? (to hear)
4. Has James done it? (to feel)
5. Did Mary write a composition? (to see)
b) Model: We expect that they will come tomorrow. → We expect them to come tomorrow.
1. The parents suppose that their son will pass that exam.
2. The government considers that the vocational education develops trained specialists.
3. They believe that the general education transmits cultural heritage.
4. We know that primary school pupils are taught such skills as reading, writing, and arithmetic.
5. We know that they also receive instruction in different subjects.
c) Model: Мы не ожидали, что он придет. → We didn’t expect him to come.
1. Мы не предполагали, что вы сделаете, это.
2. Преподаватель хочет, чтобы они написали сочинение об этом.
3. Я желаю, чтобы вы поступили в этот университет.
4. Он считает, что она переведет этот текст хорошо.
5. Я не ожидал, что они учатся здесь.
d) Model: Преподаватель заставил студентов посещать лекции. → The teacher made the students attend lectures.
1. Мать заставила дочь почистить ковер.
2. Она заставила его спеть.
3. Он заставил ее написать статью.
4. Я заставил его встать и выйти.
5. Он заставил нас ответить на вопросы.
EXERCISE 9. Fill in the gaps to practise the use of the Complex Object (the verb is given in brackets at the end of each sentence):
1. They saw him ... the street (to cross).
2. We think him ... a composition (to write).
3. We think the composition ... by him (to write).
4. The mother made her daughter ... the text (to translate).
5. The mother supposes the children ... TV (to watch).
6. The teacher supposes the students ... the material about the educational system in the country (to study).
7. The teacher supposed the material about the educational system ... by the students (to study).
8. Mary allowed the book... into the bookcase (to put).
9. They expected him... the exam (to pass).
10. I know her ... texts very well (to translate).