Classical Mythology in Art

 

Альбион – Albion [`albıon] Son of Poseidon and Amphitrite. Came to Britain and introduced the arts of ship building and astrology. Some early writers say the word Albion (another name for Great Britain) was invented by Edmund Spenser.

Амазонки – Amazons [`aməz`ɔ:nz] Tribe of female warriors who lived east of the Greek regions of Asia Minor. They cut off their right breasts in order to use the bow easily. `Amazon` means breastless.

Амур – Amor, Cupid (Roman); Eros [ı:rɔs] (Gr.). God of love.

Андромаха - Andromache [and`r:ɔmakı:]. Devoted and faithful wife of Hector. Warned Hector against engaging in battle during the Trojan war.

Андромеда - Andromeda [and`ro:mədə]. Was chained to a rocky cliff to be devoured by a monster. Perseus saw her and fell in love with her; he rescued and married her and was always faithful.

Аполлон – Apollo [a`pɔlou] Sol (Roman). One of the twelve Olympians. The sun god and god of Fine Arts, medicine, music, poetry and eloquence.

Арес (Марс) – Ares [`arı:s], Mars (Roman). God of war. Son of Zeus and Hera.

Аргус - Argos,Argus [`argɔs].The hundred-eyed giant who guarded law.

Артемида – Artemis [`artemıs] Diana (Roman). Twin sister of Apollo. Goddess of hunting, also of childbirth.

Афина – Athena [a`θı:na] Minerva (Roman). Goddess of wisdom, skills, warfare.

Афродита – Aphrodite [afrə`daıtı:], Venus (Roman). The Goddess of love, one of the twelve Olimpians. Some legends say she was brought forth from ocean near Cyprus.

Ахилл (Ахиллес) – Achilles [ə`kılı:z] . The greatest Greek warrior of the Trojan war. Slain by Paris.

Вакх (Бахус, Дионис) – Bacchus [`bakus]. The Roman name for Dionysus (Greek), god of wine.

Вакханки – Bacchae[`bakı:]. Priestesses (flowers) of Dionysus (Greek), god of wine.

Вакханалия – Bacchanalia [baka’neilia] : Festivals in honour of Dionysus.

Галатея – Galatea[`galə`tı:a]. The name of Pygmalion`s statue.

Гектор – Hector [`hektɔr]. Husband of Andromache. The hero of the Trojan war. Was killed by Achilles.

Гера – Hera [hı:ra]. Juno (Roman). Wife of Zeus. Goddess of women and of childbirth. Queen of the gods and of heaven.

Геракл – Heracles [`herak`lı:z], Hercules (Roman). Renowned for feats of strength, particularly of the twelve labors.

Гермес – Hermes [`hə:mı:z], Mercury (Roman). The messenger of gods; god of trade and travelers, of commerce, oratory and eloquence, of thieves, and of the wind.

Даная – Danae[`danaı:]. Mother of Perseus by Zeus, who visited her in the form of a golden shower in her prison tower.

Дафна – Daphne [`dafnı:]. Nymph pursued by Apollo. Her father came to her rescue by transforming her into a laurel tree.

Дафнис – Daphnis [`dafnıs]. He is said to have invented pastoral song and story.

Дафнис и Хлоя – Daphnis and Chloe [`klouı]. The famous lovers in an old Greek pastoral romance.

Европа – Europa [ju:`roupa]. Zeus transformed himself into a white bull with whom Europa was charmed; she climbed on his back and Zeus carried her away to Crete.

Елена – Helen of Troy. Daughter of Zeus and Leda. Wife of Menelaus. Helen`s elopement with Paris was the immediate cause of the Trojan war.

Зевс – Zeus[zu:s], Jove, Jupiter (Roman). The most powerful of all the ancient Greek gods; ruler of heaven and earth.

Золотой век – Golden Age. The first age of mankind, the age of innocence, perfect happiness, truth; perpetual spring.

Иo – Io[`aıou]. A woman changed into a heifer by Zeus to avoid Hera`s suspicion of his love affair.

Кентавры – Centaurs [`sentorz] half-man, half-horse; wild force.

Лаокоон – Laocoon [leıɔ`kouɔn]. A priest of Apollo, he distrusted the Wooden Horse. Athena sent a huge serpent that crushed Laocoon and his two sons to death.

Леда – Leda [`lı:da]. Wife of king of Sparta. In the form of the swan Zeus seduced her and she bore quadruplets.

Медуза Горгона – Medusa [mı:`du:sa]. One of the three Gorgons. Her eyes had the power of killing or turning onlookers into stone.

Муза – Musae[`mu:zı:]. The nine Muses, daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. (Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia, Urania).

Нарцисс – Narcissus[nar`sısus]. The beautiful youth who fell in love with his own reflection in a pool. He was changed into a flower that bears his name.

Ника, Нике – Nike [`naıkı:], Victoria (Roman). The goddess of victory.

Нимфы – Nymphs [nımfs]. Lesser divinities in the form of lovely girls. They were eternally young.

Пан – Pan[pæn], Faunus (Roman). God of flocks and shepherds, forests and wild life, part man, part goat, with ears, horns, tail.

Пантеон – Pantheon [pan`θı:on]. The circular temple in Rome to all of the gods.

Парис – Paris [`parıs] (Also called Alexander). Destined before his birth to become the ruin of his country Troy.

Парфенон – (the) Parthenon [`parθı:non]. The Doric temple of Athena 5^th cent. B.C. The highest achievement of Greek architecture.

Персефона – Persephone [per`sefounı:], Proserpine (Roman). The daughter of Zeus and Demeter. Pluto abducted her while she was gathering flowers.

Персей – Perseus [`pə:rsı:us ]. Husband of Andromeda to whom she was faithful, a model for the carreer of a hero.

Плутон – Pluto [`plu:tou]. The Greek name for the king of hell.

Прометей – Prometheus [prou`mı:θıus]. He ridiculed the gods, stole fire from heaven, was chained to a rock where a vulture fed daily on his liver.

Русалки – Mermaids [`mə:meıdz]. Fabled marine creatures with the body of a woman and the tail of a fish.

Сабиняне – Sabines [`seıbaınz]. Ancient people of Italy.

Сатиры – Satyrs [seıterz]. Deities that represented the luxuriant forces of nature, looked like men, but had the legs and feet of goats and short horns on their heads.

Суд Париса – Judgment of Paris. Zeus appointed Paris to judge the content for the golden apple marked `For the Fairest`. Paris awarded the apple to Aphrodite, goddess of love, who had offered Paris the most beautiful woman in the world for his wife (Helen of Troy).

Титаны – Titans[taıtənz]. Sons and daughters of Uranus and Gaea. Warred against the gods.

Флора – Flora[`floura]. Goddess of flowers, gardens, love.

Фортуна – Fortuna [fɔr`tu:na]. Goddess of fortune, of chance, whose symbol is a wheel indicating her fickleness.

Харон – Charon [`keırən:karon]. A god of hell. For a fee (a coin) placed in the mouth of the dead at the time of burial, he would ferry the souls over the rivers Acheron and Styon]. A god of hell. For a fee (a coin) placed in the mouth of the dead at the time of burial, he would ferry the souls over the rivers Acheron and Styx to the infernal regions.

Химера – Chimaera [kaı`mı:ra]. A fire-breathing monster with the head of lion, the body of a goat and the tail of a serpent.

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8. Библейские сюжеты в искусстве