V. VOCABULARY SKILLS
Ex. 5. Give Russian equivalents of the following word combinations and reproduce the sentences in which they are used in the text:
| seek harmony on secular terms to accept authoritarian government to challenge smb for smth a period of one's ascendancy throughout Chinese world to pay in kind to provide detachments of troops | to keep loyalty to wall the palaces to ignore one's duties to smb to place under cultivation to assimilate peoples warfare over land and prestige to advance civilization |
Ex. 6. Give English equivalents of the following words and word combinations and reproduce the sentences in which they are given in the text:
| к западу от неповторимые особенности обогащать строить из дерева развязать кампанию против в сельских районах | находиться в состоянии войны с спасаться бегством обработка железа предотвращать ссоры перенести столицу в земледелие |
Ех. 7. Paraphrase the italicized parts:
1. Each Chinese dynasty was a peculiar one.
2. Farming made the country rich.
3. The Chinese were quite willing to agree to dictatorship as long as it offered stability.
4.At that time a rebellion of slaves was taking place.
5. The Chinese houses were made of wood rather than of stone.
6. The emperors waged wars against their enemies and expected the nobility to provide detachments of troops.
7. The aristocrats neglected their duties to the emperor.
8. With their axes peasants cut out woods from the land that was now placed under cultivation.
Ex. 8. Complete the sentences:
1. With their axes the peasants ...
2. During this period warfare over ...
3. An invading army killed Zhou emperor and his son and heir ...
4. The principalities were at war with ...
5. The new technology of iron-working ...
6. Each dynasty has its own ...
7. The Chinese sought harmony ...
8. Little remains of early Chinese buildings ...
9. In political terms the Chinese ...
10. The Zhou moved the capital to ...
11. A chieftain in the region of the Wei Valley ...
12. When the emperors prepared to launch ...
Ex. 9. Arrange the following words into the pairs of synonyms:
a) to seek, throughout, to keep loyalty, to ignore one's duties, to cultivate, to be in progress, to launch campaign against, cultivation, to flee, to be made of wood.
b) to place under cultivation, to wage war against, all over, farming, to be built in wood, to take place, to look for, to find refuge, to be faithful to, to neglect one's duties.
Ex. 10. Think of antonyms to the following expressions:
to keep loyalty to, to stop a campaign, peace, to reject dictatorship, to ignore one's duties to, to pay in kind.