Exercise 4. Complete the table, using the information given above. Compare the systems of higher education in different countries.
Systems of higher education
| Country | The USA | Russia | The UK |
| Types of institutions | 1) colleges 2) universities (contains several colleges + one or more graduate schools for obtaining a master’s or a doctoral degree) | ||
| Duration of study | 1) 4 years 2) 4 years + professional work and studies (apprenticeship, internship) + scientific research | ||
| Degree | 1) Bachelor’s degree 2) Bachelor’s degree + Master’s degree + Doctoral degree | ||
| Requirements for admission | high school records, recommendations from high school teachers, the scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SAT), the impression during interviews at the university | ||
| Source of financing | public or private | ||
| Number of students | 3000 – 50000 | ||
| Types of studies | lectures, seminars, tutorials | ||
| Field of concentration | major | ||
| Assessment | credits, tests |
Commentary:
There are also other types of educational institutions in the USA:
– two-year, or community colleges, from which students may enter many professions or may go to four-year colleges or universities. They provide for a degree of Associate of Arts (AA) or Associate of Science (AS),
– technical training institutions, at which high school graduates may take courses ranging from six months to four years in duration, and learn a wide variety of technical skills, from hair styling through business accounting to computer programming. They provide no university degree.
But in fact both these types of institutions are not considered to be higher educational establishments in Russia.
Vocabulary:
duration – продолжительность;
requirements for admission – требования к приему (здесь – поступлению);
apprenticeship – ученичество;
internship– интернатура;
associate – степень, присваиваемая выпускнику среднего специального учебного заведения;
major – профилирующая дисциплина (в какой-л. области – in ); дисциплина, выбранная как специализация;
tutorial– консультация.
Exercise 5. Fill in the blanks with prepositions.