B) involve, be going to take, go, mean, change, attempt, should/look, use

8) It is the directors who determine the direction the business ... .

9) It ... planning to ensure that the business first survives and then flourishes.

10) What it... to be a manager?

11) Every business has to decide where it ... .

12) Speculators ... always to the future and ... to anticipate events.

13) Technological innovations and increased competition ... the face of British banking now.

14)Banks and other financial institutions ... computer technology now.

 

3. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions.

 

1) Graduate schools are principally interested ... what they call "theoretical" research.

2) Economic education is not succeeding, because the content... what is being taught is flawed.

3) The tasks of dealing with real-world data, gaining access ... existing knowledge are not taught.

4) What is currently taught is connected ... criteria for advancement and promotion.

5) Material resources of the world are limited and our ability to make use ... these resources is even more limited ... our ignorance.

6) The price you pay consists ... all the other alternatives you have thereby given up.

7) This fact has nothing to do ... any particular form of economic and social organization.

8) Most introductory textbooks … Economics begin … posing the question, “What is Economics…?”

9) Goods can be produced … a variety … methods.

10) Any definition should take account … the guiding idea … economics which is scarcity.

 

4. Use the words in the brackets in the corresponding forms.

 

1) They (should/ not) tell the manager about their difficulties.

2) We (have) with a lot of difficulties last year.

3) The company (have) reduce prices for its goods if the demand falls.

4) The economist (be) finish the analysis before the manager makes a decision.

5) The seller (be) deliver as soon as the buyer paid for them.

6) He (ought) follow their advice?

7) The firm (have) buy new equipment or it can use old machines?

8) He (have/ not) pay any tax last year.

 

5. Insert must, should, have to, be toto complete the sentences.

 

1) The building firm … finish the construction of the new plant this year.

2) There are no parking facilities for manufactured cars, so the company … buy some land.

3) The workers … produce the first 100 cars by the end of the year.

4) African countries … buy a large part of machinery and equipment for their plants from developed countries.

5) The engineers … follow the instructions how to use new equipment.

6) Last year the local government … (not) spend much on transport facilities as they were well maintained.

7) Companies trading in the world market … ensure high standards.

8) When most countries of Central Europe exhausted there coal resources they … import large quantities gas and oil from abroad.

9) The government … spend more money to involve more children in sports.

10) Such large countries as the USA and Canada … (not) import wheat because they produce this crop on large areas in there countries.

 

6. Translate the words in the brackets into the modal verbs.

 

1) Today they (должны будут) prepare the document fornslate the words in the brackets into the modal verbs.

 

1) Today they (должны будут) prepare the document for tomorrow’s meeting.

2) In the late 1940s, the Japanese government (могло) maintain only a very low level of living for the most part of population. However, the country (смогла) develop its industry by introduction of new technologies.

3) The country did not harvest enough crops last year, so it (была вынуждена) import additional foodstuffs.

4) Some small European industrialized countries (могут) provide large credits for the developing countries.

5) Some economists think that such rapidly developing Asian countries as China and Taiwan (смогут) overtake the USA in high-tech in future.

6) Nowadays some goods manufactured in developing countries (могут) compete successfully in the world market.

7) The scientists (следует) study better how people’s activities influence the earth’s climate and ecology.

8) Belgium (вынуждена была) specialize only in some manufactured goods, for example, in cars.

9) Early in the 20th century, developing countries (не могли) as there were strong trade barriers.

10) A small nation (не должна) produce all manufactured goods as it (может) import them at a lower price from other countries.