PRE-TEXT EXERCISES

1. Переведите словосочетания, обращая внимание на разные способы выражения определения:

Computer’s operation, computer’s evolution, hundreds of different English-like programming languages, coded instructions used to instruct the computer, machine language, assembly language, high-level language, machine-language instructions, binary-coded sets of ones and zeros, easier-to-use programming languages, natural-language approach, special syntax requirements, object-oriented techniques, graphics-oriented systems, Microsoft’s Windows operating environment, Apple Macintosh operating system.

 

2. Найдите определения в следующих предложениях и переведите их на русский язык:

1. The device made in our laboratory will be used in industry. 2. Scientists working at new computer programs have a lot of different problems to solve. 3. A citizen of our country was the first to circle the globe. 4. Computers of different types and sizes have appeared in every country of the world. 5. Materials necessary to produce supercomputers are difficult to make. 6. A system capable of transmitting long distance messages was developed at the end of the last century.

3. Укажите способы присоединения придаточных дополнительных и определительных предложений к главному, переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. When the mass production of computers began people realized they wanted to have computers at homes. 2. Experiments proved that a photon can greatly increase the operation of a computer. 3. Can you tell me whether computers are used for desktop publishing? 4. It became clear computerization had a great influence on people’s life. 5. Russian newspapers informed that about 2,000 satellites had been launched into the orbit. 6. People often view problems the way they want to view them. 7. Every task a computer does must be programmed. 8. Life has a purpose that must be fought for. 9. A man is known by a company he keeps. 10. Everything comes to him who knows how to wait. 11. This is the only way by which we can distinguish which of the two events came first. 12. Most laboratories have some devices that are being used for demonstration purposes. 13. There is no particular reason why this should be so. 14. Morse invented a code that used dots and dashes for letters of the alphabet.

 

4. Укажите, чем выражено определение:

1. Yesterday we watched a very late TV program of a football match. 2. Our electronics and radio electronics industry have developed from the country’s only radio laboratory in Nizhny Novgorod. 3. It was announced that 1,000 well-equipped sport clubs could be opened in this country. 4. How can architects solve the problem of living in a region where night lasts for several months and where the temperature may be below 40°C and 50°C?

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1. The experiments carried out by these scientists didn’t give any positive results for a long time. 2. Communication satellites used by all countries make intercontinental television transmission possible. 3. Articles published by Franklin in 1752 dealt with electricity. 4. The new methods applied in computer technology were more effective. 5. The results obtained showed that this theory was right. 6. The experiments differed in the data obtained when analyzed. 7. A famous article by Alan Turing entitled “Computing Machinery And Intelligence” appeared in 1950 in the philosophical journal Mind. 8. In this article the idea now referred to as Turing test was first described.

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1. Nowadays computers capable of performing billions of operations a second are required. 2. Computers available everywhere nowadays make our life easier.

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1. Mendeleev was the first to make a classification of chemical elements. 2. Bill Gates was the first to bring the idea that intelligence could someday be replicated in binary code. 3. The plants computer components are produced at must be superclean. 4. The number of components supercomputers consist of is great. 5. Materials new computers depend on must be of the best quality. 6. The problem two Harvard students Bill Gates and Paul Alien were interested in was not an easy one and it took several years to solve it.