РАБОТА НАД ТЕКСТОМ
Упражнение 1. Прочтите текст, пользуясь словарем.
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. When were the main Russian institutions formed?
2. What reform did Alexei Michailovitch Romanov initiate?
3. What was the New Trade Statute based on?
4. Where did Derzhavin work in 1794-1803?
5. What was Commerce Board engaged in?
6. How did the policy of Russia change at that time?
7. When did Customs tariff of 1795 come into effect?
8. What was Dmitry Mendeleev?
9. What made Mendeleev think that protectionist tariff would serve the development of the country?
10. What kind of work did Robert Burns do at the customs?
11. Why did excise officers visit local traders?
12. Why was control of whisky and gin production very important?
13. Where did excise collectors set up their offices?
14. Why was excise collectors’ job so dangerous?
Упражнение 3. Какие из следующих предложений соответствуют/не соответствуют содержанию текста? Обоснуйте свой ответ.
1. Russian tsar Alexei Michailovitch was the head of Russian state for more than 25 years.
2. He initiated customs reforms.
3. On April 22 he signed the New Trade Decree.
4. It was the first attempt to arrange customs regimes.
5. Radischev was appointed President of Commerce Board.
6. It was the time when Russia changed its protectionist policy into free trade one.
7. Derzhavin worked out the new customs tariff of 1795.
8. Mendeleev was one of the first to discover the laws ruling customs business.
9. Robert Burns was an excise collector.
10. Excise collectors made their rounds ten times a year.
11. Excise collectors calculated the amount of money due.
Упражнение 4. Найдите в тексте слова и словосочетания, которые употребляются после следующих глаголов.
a. to initiate h) to work out
b. to levy i) to develop
c. to regulate j) to issue
d. to stimulate k) to sign
e. to discover l) to arrange
f. to be engaged in m) to combine
g. to change n) to contribute to
Упражнение 5. Найдите в тексте слова и словосочетания, которые означают следующее:
a) to be constructed
b) to start
c) to collect by authority
d) to grow larger
e) to choose for a post
f) payment on exported/ imported goods
g) to find out
h) the laws made
i) trader
j) to deal with
k) tax on certain goods
l) quantity
m) document showing payment of money
n) to place smth in position
Упражнение 6. Переведите на русский язык:
a. …the development of customs laws…
b. He initiated customs reforms...
c. On levying customs duties…
d. It was based on the previous legislation…
e.…the attempt to arrange customs regimes…
f.…he combined his literary activities with…
g.… free trade policy…
h.… protectionist policy…
i.… it came into force…
j.…Paul I abolished it.
k.…issued vouchers stating the amount payable.
l.…high level of duty on spirits.
Упражнение 7. Подберите подходящее по смыслу окончание для каждого предложения.
| 1. He initiated customs reforms… | a) to discover the laws ruling customs business. |
| 2. It was the first attempt… | b) changed its free trade policy into pro- tectionist one. |
| 3. He was sure that protectionist Tariff… | c) stimulated industrial production. |
| 4. It was based on the previous legislation and… | d) would serve the development of the country. |
| 5. It was the time when Russia… | e) by issuing the Decree. |
| 6.Protectionist tariff not only regulated export and import but… | f) suggestions made by merchants. |
| 7. He was one of the first… | g) to arrange customs regimes |
| 8. He never neglected his work … | h) and issued vouchers stating the amount payable. |
| 9.Excise officers visited local traders | i) and had a reputation as a hard- working customs officer. |
Упражнение 8 . Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский.
1. Кто разрабатывал этот таможенный тариф?
2. Эта комиссия занимается вопросами внешней торговли и таможенного дела.
3. Когда его назначили начальником таможни?
4. Он много сделал для развития таможенного законодательства.
5. Протекционистский тариф стимулирует развитие промышленного производства.
6. Новый торговый устав был первой попыткой установить таможенные режимы.
7. Он начал таможенные реформы с того, что издал указ «О взимании таможенной пошлины с товаров в Москве и городах…».
8. Он никогда не пренебрегал своими обязанностями.
9. Он работает посменно, не так ли?
10. Павел I отменил протекционистский тариф 1795 года.
11. Акцизный чиновник выписывал квитанции с указанием суммы, подлежащей оплате.