Word-substitutes
| That-those | |
| A word-substitute is for the replacement of the noun given above. It is often followed by the preposition of or an attribute. It is translated by the noun, which it replaces or there is no translation at all. | The story of the telephone is similar to that of the telegraph.( История развития телефона схожа с историей развития телефона) . · The first solar battery operated on semiconductor crystals similar to those used in transistors. Первая солнечная батарея работала на полупроводниковых кристаллах, подобных кристаллам, используемых в транзисторах. |
| These | |
| It is the substitute of a noun, translated by the pronoun они. | · Composite coatings are very important in protection of steel surfaces. These may contain more than two components. Сложные покрытия очень важны для защиты поверхности стали. Они могут содержать более двух компонентов. |
| One | |
| One-ones; it is the substitute of a noun. It is translated by the noun, which it replaces or there is no translation at all. The translation of article the before a word is тот, та, то. | · We shall replace the old machines by new ones. Мы заменим старые машины новыми. · The method is the one which is much spoken about. Это (тот) метод, о котором много говорят. |