North-East England

Dialects in this region are often known as Mackem or Geordie. The dialects across the region are broadly similar however some differences do exist. For example, with words ending -re/-er, such as culture and father, the end syllable is pronounced by a Newcastle native as a short 'a', such as in 'fat' and 'back' therefore producing "cultcha" and "fatha" respectively. The Sunderland area would pronounce the syllable much more closely to that of other accents. Similarly, Geordies pronounce "make" in line with standard English e.g. to rhyme with take. However, a Mackem would pronounce "make" to rhyme with "mack" or "tack" (hence the origin of the term Mackem). For other differences see the respective articles. For an explanation of the traditional dialects of the mining areas of County Durham and Northumberland see Pitmatic. A feature of the North East accent, shared with Scots and Irish English, is the pronunciation of the consonant cluster -lm in coda position. As an example, "film" is pronounced as "filəm".

dialect ['daıәlekt] – диалект

accent ['æks(ә)nt] – ударение

pronunciation [prә¸nΛnsı'eı∫(ә)n] – произношение

standard ['stændәd] – стандарт, норма

influence ['inflνәns] – вляние, действие

version ['v3:∫(ә)n] – версия, вариант

distinction [dıs'tıŋ(k)∫(ә)n] – различение, распознавание

accurate ['ækjνrıt] – точный, правильный

rural ['rνәr(ә)l] – сельский, деревенский

dip [dıp] - погружение

References

Peters, Pam (2004). The Cambridge Guide to English Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. McArthur, Tom (2002). Oxford Guide to World English. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Trask, Larry (1999). Language: The Basics, 2nd edition. London: Routledge. Trudgill, Peter (1984). Language in the British Isles. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Trudgill, Peter and Jean Hannah. (2002). International English: A Guide to the Varieties of Standard English, 4th ed. London: Arnold. Wells, J. C. (1982). Accents of English 2: The British Isles. Cambridge: Cambridge University